Machine for shaping wires which are intended for binding perforated leaflets



Feb. 20, 1940. A. 1.. MARTIN 2,190,722

. MACHINE FOR SHAPING WIRES WHICH ARE INTENDED FOR BINDING PERFORATED LEAFLETS Filed May 19, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Help FiGA.

we, 2% 5? Afforneys Feb. 20, 1940. A. 1.. MARTIN 2,190,722

MACHINE FOR SHAPING WIRES WHICH ARE INTENDED FOR BINDING PERFORATED LEAFLETS Filed May 19, 1938 GYShGBtS-Sheet 2 [nu Fnlor Andre'lucz'n Mam/1 Afforneys Feb. 20, 1940. 1 -rm 2,190,722

MACHINE FOR SHAPING WIRES WHICH ARE INTENDED FOR BINDING PERFORATED LEAFLETS Filed May 19, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Feh 20, 1940. MARTIN 2,190,722

IVUKG'HINE FOR SHAPING WIRES WHICH ARE INTENDED FOR BINDING PERFORATED LEAFLETS Filed May 19, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 fie/15..

Feb. 20, 1940.

A. L. MARTIN 2,190,722

MACHINE FOR SHAPING WIRES WHICH ARE INTENDED FOR BINDING PERFORATED LEAFLETS Filed May 19, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 [/1 60 for A07 07/14/0107 W0 rf/n Feb. 20, 1940. A. L. MARTIN 2,190,722

MACHINE FOR SHAPING WIRES WHICH ARE INTENDED FOR BINDING PERFORATED LEAFLETS Filed May 19, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 [/7 V6 for 4/7 00? 1 0029/7 %arf/'/7 Patented Feb. 20, 1940 UNITED STATE MACHINE FOR SHAPING WIRES WHICH. ARE INTENDED FOR BINDING PERFO- RATED LEAFLETS Andr Lucien Martin, Paris, France Application May 19, 1938, Serial No. 208,843 In France May 24, 1937 8 Claims.

The present invention has for its object a machine for shaping wires which are intended to bind perforated leaflets that are shaped, in the same plane, in such a manner as to form a festoon of loops, said loops then being rolled about a longitudinal axis parallel to said plane.

The machine according to the invention is mainly characterized, in a first automatically operating embodiment, by the fact that the loops are made successively, either one by one, or by groups of two or three and are rolled as they are formed.

Said machine, into which a straight wire is fed and which enables wires to be obtained at the output end which form a festoon of loops and are rolled and cut to the desired length, is characterised in particular by the combination, in the same unit, of two systems which are adapted to pinch the wire at two predetermined points, of a shaper push rod initially placed at equal distances between the two systems, one of the systems being in principle fixed while the other moves parallel with the wire an amount that is double that of the translation, in the same direction, of the push rod which moves at the same time perpendicular to its translation, in such a manner that at the end of its travel the push rod is pinched, with the interposition of the wire, between the two systems for forming a loop, of a cambering mandrel placed after the second system of which it may form one of the elements and on which each loop is rolled through the instrumentality of cambering tools suitably distributed about the mandrel and which act successively, a reciprocating nipper feeding the wire step by step, which wire, after it has been shaped into rolled loops, is cut to the desired length by a knife arranged at the output end of the machine.

The first system for pinching the wire comprises a jaw, rigidly fixed ona first carriage which is movable in translation, and on said carriage, a movable jaw which is displaceable in synchronism with the other members of the machine.

The shaper push rod is movable in translation on a second carriage which is likewise movable in translation.

The second system for pinching the wire comprises a fixed part which is formed by a cambering mandrel and a movable jaw pinching the wire under the mandrel, and which is secured to a part which, with the shaper push rod and the movable jaw of the first pinching system, forms 5 the device for shaping each loop.

The nipper comprises two jaws which are movable on a slide, the jaws and the slide being actuated by two different members.

The members of the machine act in synchronism.

The machine may furthermore be provided with a wire straightener of any appropriate type (staggered Vs having rotary movements or staggered rollers along the path of the wire).

In a modified embodiment which may be adapted to be manually operated, a rotating part forming four cams is used which act successively on a lever for locking the wire on a carriage which is driven in translation by said lever and under the action of the cams, for the successive 16 feeding of the wire:

(a) The depth of a loop, (b) The width of a loop, (0) The depth of a loop, (d) The distance between two loops.

The wire, which passes in a groove provided in a part forming a shaper, is bent over on said part, at each movement and in the suitable direction, by a projection secured to an operating lever, a device for lifting the wire being provided to enable the projection to pass from one side of the wire to the other.

Wires formed into a series ofloops are thus obtained flat. o

The cambering is then effected by the action of a, mandrel pressed between two swinging cambering jaws.

The invention further covers other particular points which will become apparent in the ensuing description taken with reference to the accompanying drawings which is only given by way of example and in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a wire in which a loop has been made.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a wire formed m into a festoon of loops and rolled.

Fig. 3 shows the mounting of the perforated leaflets in the wire illustrated in the previous figure.

Fig. 4 is a corresponding view after complete closing.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatical perspective view showing the relative arrangement of the main members for shaping the wire into loops. m

Fig. 6 is a plan view corresponding to the previous figure, but showing the various members in the positions they occupy at the beginning of the formation of a loop.

Fig. 7 is a corresponding view but showing the various members in the positions they occupy at the completion of the formation of the loop.

Fig. 8 is a section taken along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 6 and showing the position of the three cambering tools before they become operative.

Fig. 9 is a view corresponding to the previous figure after the forward movement of the first cambering tool.

Fig. 10 is a corresponding view after the forward movement of the second tool.

Fig. 11 is a corresponding view after the forward movementof the third tool.

Fig. 12 is a plan view corresponding in principle to Fig. 5 and showing the position of the various members and of the nipper for moving onestep.

Fig. 13 is an overall three-quarter perspective view seen from the front of the machine.

Fig. 14 is an overall three-quarter perspective view seen from the rear of the machine.

Fig. 15 is a partial three-quarter top and front perspective view of the'machine.

Fig. 16 is a partial perspective view seen from the front of the machine.

Fig. 17 is a partial perspective view seen from the end of the machine.

Fig. 18 is a diagrammatical view with a section taken along the line XVHI- -XVIJI of Fig. 16 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 19 is a diagrammatical' view with a section taken along the line XV]IIXVHI of Fig. 16 and looking in the opposite direction to that of the arrows, the shaper push rod being removed.

Fig. 20 is a diagrammatical view correspondingto the previous figure and showing the shaper push rod, the first pinching system being removed.

Fig. 21 is a diagrammatical perspective view showing the mounting of the nippers for the step by step movement.

Fig. 22 is a section taken along the plane IEII-XXII-XXII of the previous figure.

Fig. 23 is a plan view of a hand operated machine.

Fig. 24 is a section taken along the lin XX[VIQCIV of Fig. 23.

Fig. 25 shows a plan View of the wire formed into a festoon of loops and in the fiat state with the hand operated machine.

Fig. 26 is a diagrammatical section of a cambering machine for the wire which has beenshaped according to Fig. 25.

Fig. 27 is a view corresponding to the previous figure, the various members being in the position for cambering the wire.

The machine according to the invention enables a wire I, which has been formed into a festoon of loops and rolled as shown in Fig. 2, to be obtained from a straight wire. Before the loops are cambered, the same are successively formed fiat as shown in Fig. The wire, which is shaped as shown in Fig. 2, is engaged in perforated leaflets 2 (Fig. 3) and then closed (Fig. 4) by an action in the direction of the arrows 5 (Fig. 3).

Fig. 5 shows, in perspective and diagrammatically, the various members of the machine which effect the formation .of the loops. The device for forming the loops comprises:

A first system for pinching the wire I comprising a jaw 4 rigidly fixed on an upper carriage 52 and a jaw 5 which is movable in translation on said carriage;

A second system for pinching the wire I comprising a mandrel 8, which is also used for the cambering as will be described hereinafter and a movable jaw 1 secured to a shaping part 8.

And a shaper push rod 9 which is movable in translation on a second movable carriage 51.

The jaw 5 can move in translation on its carriage 52 in two opposite directions indicated by the arrows in and II.

The movable jaw l, which is secured to the part 8, can move in translation in two opposite directions indicated by the arrows l2 and I4. The shaper push rod 9 can move, in the direction of the arrows l5, l6 and l1, l8. Similarly, the assembly formed by the jaws 4 and 5 can likewise move in the direction of the arrows l1 and I8 as indicated hereinafter.

The various members being in the position illustrated in Fig. 5, in which the push rod 8 is located at equal distances between the jaw 5 and part 8, the formation of a loop is effected in the following manner. The wire I being pinched, on the one hand between the jaws 4', 5 and on the other hand between the mandrel 6 and the jaw I, the assembly formed by the jaws 4, 5 moves in the direction of the arrow I8 at the same time as the push rod 9 moves both in the direction of the arrows l5 and 18 (Fig. 6) The amount of the translatory displacement of the group of jaws 4, 5 in the direction of the arrow I8 is double that of the push rod 9 in the direction of the arrow l8.

The various members finally come into the position illustrated in Fig. 7 in which a loop is formed.

The mechanism which has just been described for forming a loop can be multiplied. It is for example possible to juxtapose' two mechanisms for producing two loops simultaneously. In this case, the relative translations of the jaws and of the push rods are suitably determined.

During the forming of said loop, the previously formed one is rolled on the mandrel 8. The rolling or cambering of the loops is more particularly shown in Figs. 8 to 11. About the mandrel 6 are arranged three cambering tools 20, 2| and 22, the two first moving in straight slide-ways, the third in a curved slide-way.

The previously formed loop which has been brought against the mandrel 6 by a part 24 (see Fig. 5) as will be indicated hereinafter, is held at its base against the mandrel 6 by the jaw '11.

The tools 20, 2i and 22 are then successively and respectively moved in the direction of the arrows 20, 21 ,22 as shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 so as to produce the rolling or the cambering to the desired shape illustrated in Fig. 2, in three successive operations.

After cambering, the tools are brought back to their initial positions and the nipper 24 is moved in the direction of the arrow I! and pinches the wire and moves same one step in the direction of the arrow 18. The various members having returned to their initial positions (Fig. 12), the jaws 5 and 1 are respectively moved in the direction of the arrows I 0 and M to release the wire and enable it to be fed one step forward.

Reference will now be had to Figs. 13 to 17 which show the whole machine and the various synchronized actuating mechanisms.

The machine is provided with a base 30 provided with two uprights 3| and 32.

On the base 30 is mounted a motor 33 which actuates, by means of belts 34 and 35, one of the elements of a friction clutch. The engagement of the clutch is eifected by acting on the levers 36 and 31, a wheel 38 enabling the machine to be driven by hand.

It will be observed that the motor 33 also actuates, through the intermediary of a counter-pulley and a belt 39, a cage 40 or any other appropriate mechanism for straightening the wire I which is unwound as required from a reel not shown. g

The friction clutch 4I, through the intermediary of gears arranged in a case 42, rotates the shafts 43, 44, 45, 46 and 41.

The shaft 43 carries a grooved cam 48 in which engages a roller secured to an arm 43 which is pivoted about a. pin 50 the position of which is adjustable (Fig. 16). On said arm 49 is pivoted a connecting rod 5| of adjustable length which controls the translation of the upper carriage 52 carrying the jaws 4 and 5 (Fig. 15).

A lever 53, which is pivoted about a fixed pin 54, is connected at its upper end, by a connecting rod 55, to the upper carriage 52 of which it receives the movement. Said lever 53 is furthermore'connected by an adjustable connecting rod 56 to the lower carriage 51 carrying the shaper push rod 9.

The upper carriage 52 is guided in translation on the shafts 45 and 41. The guiding 0f the lower carriage 51 being ensured by the shafts 44 and 46 and also by a fixed bar 58.

On the shaft 45 is mounted a grooved cam 60 which controls, through the intermediary of a system of jointed levers 6|, the movements of the jaw 5.

On the shaft 45 is also mounted a part 62 forming a triple cam. For this purpose, the part 62 is provided on one face with a groove 63 for actuating the cambering tool 20 through the intermediary of levers 64, and on the other face with a groove 65 for actuating the cambering tool 2| through the intermediary of levers 66. Furthermore, the periphery of the part 62 forms a cam 61 which is constructed for producing, through the instrumentality of the forked lever 10, the desmodromic control of the jaw 1 for pinching the wire against the mandrel 6. This control is a mechanical control owing to the fact that the displacement in both directions is effected by the very shape of cam 61 and owing to the fork lever 10 which dispenses with a return by a spring.

On the shaft 41 is fixed a grooved cam 12 which actuates the cambering tool 22 through the intermediary of levers 13.

On the shaft 46 is fixed, against rotation only, a grooved cam 14 which actuates the shaper push rod 9 through the intermediary of a lever 15, the fulcrum 16 of which is adjustable.

On the shaft 44 is fixed a grooved cam 11 which, through the intermediary of the lever 16 and of a connecting rod 19, actuates the carriage 80 carrying the nipper 24.

The cam 11 also controls the movements of a bell crank lever 8I controlling the opening. and closing of the nipper 24.

The shaft 46 actuates, through the intermediary of bevel pinions 83 and 84, a worm 85 meshing with a worm wheel 86 in which are provided holes 81. In certain of said holes are fixed abutments 88 which act on a bell crank lever 89 of the nippers being controlled by the bell crank lever 3|.

Said bell crank lever terminates in the shape of a fork I02 in which cam moves a roller I03 mounted on one of the roots I04 of the jaws of the nippers 24. The root I04 is movable in translation in the carriage and is connected to the other root I05 of the other jaw through the instrumentality of a movement reversing device. In this embodiment, the reversing device is formed by a part I06 pivoted about a pin I01 which is secured to the carriage 80 and the op posite ends 103 and I03 of which engage in corresponding recesses of the roots. By means of this arrangement, any upward movement of the root I04 causes a downward movement of the root I05 and conversely, thereby enabling the nippers to be closed or opened independently of 1:133 position of the carriage 60 on its slide-way After the straightening system, a device for stopping the wire is provided which simple acts by locking when the jaws 5 and I are rendered inoperative; said stopping device is controlled by a cam 'I I0 fixed on the shaft 41.

The various movements are synchronized and the wire which is formed into festoons of loops and rolled issues ready cut in an outlet gutter Figs. 23-and 24' illustrate a hand machine which is provided with a rotating part I20 moved by a handle I2I and which has four parts I22 I23, I24 and I25 forming cams.

Said parts forming cans successively act on a roller I26 which is journalled at the end of a lever I21 pivoted about a pin I28 secured to a carriage I29. The latter is retracted, in the direction of the arrow I30, by springs I3I.

An arm I32 which is pivoted about a fixed pin I33 forming a guide and a shaper, is provided with a projection I34; the angular movement of the lever I32 is limited in both directions by adjustable abutments I36. Furthermore, a handle I31 which is connected to a lever I38 for guiding the wire, enables the latter to be lifted to pass the projection I34 on one side or the other of said wire.

The rotary movement of the part I20, by the successive actions of the four cams I22, I23, I24 and I25, enables the wire to be fed first the depth of a loop, then the width of a loop, again the depth of a loop and finally the distance between two loops. 7

In fact, at each action of a cam on the roller I26, the end I40 of the lever I21 locksthe wire against the lateral edge I4I of the carriage while causing the desired feed of said carriage and consequently of the wire which passes through the lever I38 and engages in a groove I42 of the part I33. At each forward feed, the lever I32 is moved, either to the left, or to the right according to the cases for bending back the wire I, by means of its projection I34, against the periphery of the part I33.

With this machine, a wire formed into festoons of loops is obtained fiat as indicated in Fig. 25.

Said wire thus shaped is placed, at I40, in a I a fixed cambering mandrel and a movable mem- It is obvious that the embodiments which have been described and illustrated are only given here.- in by way or indication and are not limitative. Any modifications or variations which do not in anyway change the main features hereinbefore explained, or the object aimed .at, remainincluded in the scope of the present invention.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: l

1. In a machine for shaping wires into loops, a fixed pinching element for gripping the wire, a movable pinching element adapted to grip the wire and to move parallel to saidwire, a movable shaper arranged between said pinching elements and adapted to press against the wire and to move transversely to said wire, and means for simultaneously moving said movable pinching element and said shaper for bending the wire on the shaper and according to a loop.

2. In a machine for shaping wires into loops, -a fixed-pinchingelement for gripping the wire, a first movable pinching element adapted to grip the wire and to move parallel to said wire, a movable shaper arranged between said pinching elements and adapted to press against the wire and to move transversely to said wire, means for simultaneously moving said first movable pinching element towards the fixed pinching element and said shaper'transversely to the wire but also towards said fixed pinching element for bending the wire on the shaper and according to a loop, a second movable pinching element for gripping the wire and adapted to move parallel to said wire when the fixed pinching element, the first movable pinching element and the shaper are put onto! action, a cambering mandrel, means for moving said second movable pinching element for bringing the wire in loops on to said mandrel, and cambering tools distributed about said mandrel and adapted to move successively for rolling the loops of the wire on said mandrel.

8. In-amachine for shaping wires into loops,

her for constituting with said mandrel a fixed pinching element for gripping the wire, a first movable carriage so :devised as to constitute a first movable pinching element adapted to grip the wire and'to move in reciprocating translation parallel to said wire, asecond carriage movable in reciprocating translation parallel to the .wire, a shapermovable in reciprocating translation insaid'se'cond "carriage transversely to the wire, means for simultaneously moving said carriages -and said'shaper for bending the wire on the shaper'and according to a loop, a second movable pinching element adapted to grip the wire and tomove parallel to said wire, when the fixed pinching element, the first movable pinching element-and the shaper are put out of action and for bringing the wire in loops on said mandrel .and cambering tools distributed about said mandrel and adapted to move successively for rolling the loops of the wire on said mandrel.

I 4. In a-machine as claimed in'claim 3, in combination, means for straightening the wire when it enters the machine, and means for cutting the wire after it has been shaped into rolled loops'at the outlet of the machine.

5. Ina machine as claimed in claim 3, in combination, means for straightening the wire when it enters the machine, a cutter for cutting the wire after it has been shaped into rolled loops, means for determining the lengths of the wire to be cut by said cutter and an electric motor for synchronously controlling the carriages, the shaper, the second movable pinching trolling the various members of the machine.

7. In a machine operated by hand for shaping wires into loops, a rotating member .moved by hand and so shaped as to have four cams, a carriage movable in translation, a lever pivoted on said carriage and between one of the ends of which and said carriage passes the straightened wire, a roller at the other end of said lever receiving the action of said cams and determining a slight rocking movement of said lever for initially locking the wire on the carriage and then the displacement of said carriage with the wire according to a length which is equal, under the action of the first cam, to the depth of a loop, under the action of the second cam, to the width of a loop, under the action of the third cam, to the depth of a loop. under the action .of the fourth cam, to the distance separating two loops, a member forming a shaper provided with a groove for receiving the wire at each forward movement of the latter, a pivoted operating lever pro= vided with a claw folding the wire over the shaper by the displacement of the operating lever and a device for lifting the wire for allowing the passage of the claw from one side to the other of the wire so that, by the successive and alternate actions 01' the cams and of the lever with its claw, the wire is shaped into loops.

8. In a device for cambering a wire shaped into loops obtained with the hand machine as claimed in claim 7, a general frame, two pivoted .cambering jaws, springs for restoring said jaws to open position and a movable shaping mandrel, so that the engagement of the wire in fiat loops, in said Jaws by said mandrel, determines the closing of said Jaws and the rolled shaping of said loops by said jaws on said shaping mandrel.

ANDRE LUGIEN MARTIN. 

